Culture (Saqqafat)
Culture yaani saqqafat tamam tarz-e-zindagi ko kaha jata hai, jismein fanoon (arts), aqaid (beliefs), aur wo bunyaden shamil hain jo ek nasal se doosri nasal ko muntaqil hoti hain. Ismein adab-o-adaab (manners), libas, zaban, mazhab, rasoomat, riwayaat, khane aur bohot kuch shamil hai. Hum apni culture ko Saqqafat kehte hain.
Sindhi Saqqafat Ka Aagaz (Origin)
Sindhi saqqafat bohot hi zarkhez aur duniya ki sab se qadeem saqqafaton mein se ek hai, jo takreeban 5000 saal pehle ya us se bhi pehle wajood mein aayi. Yeh sufiyon, amn, mohabbat aur aala saqqafati aqdaar (cultural values) ki sarzameen ke tor par jani jaati hai.
Tehqeeq se yeh sabit hua hai ke iska aagaz Mohenjo-Daro se hua, jabke kuch muhaqqiqeen (researchers) iska aagaz us se bhi pehle ka maante hain. Mohenjo-Daro amn, mohabbat, taraqqi, shafqat, tijarat, insaniyat aur ek tehzeeb-yafta zindagi ki alamat tha.
Mohenjo-Daro ka sewerage system (gande paani ki nikasi ka nizam) bohot zyada taraqqi-yafta tha aur behtareen yojana (planning) ke saath banaya gaya tha. Tehqeeq ke dauran bohot si aisi cheezen mili hain jo yeh zahir karti hain ke yeh ek bohot hi taraqqi-yafta ilaqa tha.
Sindhi Khana
Sindhi khana bohot hi mazedar hota hai. Yeh aik hi waqt mein swadist (tasty) aur sehat baksh (healthy) bhi hota hai. Kuch mosami khane sirf sardi ya garmi ke mausam mein khaye jaate hain.
Sindh mein sab se zyada khaye jaane wale khanon mein Sindhi Pulao shamil hai, jo chawal ki aik aisi dish hai jo shadi ki taqreebaat, taziyati taqreebaat (afsog/teziya), aam tor par gharon mein, aur doosre khaas mawaqay par kasrat se pakayi jaati hai; yeh aap ko restaurants mein bhi milegi. Sindh mein hari sabziyan bhi bohot khaye jaati hain. Sardi ke mausam mein palak ke saath chawal ki roti sab se zyada khaye jaati hai. Maqami masalon mein pakayi gayi machli aik behtareen khana hai.
Sindhi log makhan aur makhan se bani cheezen bhi zyada khate hain, kyun ke wo bohot mehnat wale kaam karte hain jaise apni faslon ki dekh-bhal karna, faslon ko paani dena, aur apne maveshiyon (animals) ko sambhalna—is liye wo din bhar pur-etimad aur tawanai (energetic) rehne ke liye zyada calories wala khana khate hain.
Lassi dahi se banne wala aik mashroob (drink) hai jo Sindh mein aksar garmiyon ke dauran peeya jaata hai, yeh bohot sehat mand aur ghizaiyat se bharpoor hota hai.
Sindhi Saqqafati Ashya (Cultural Products)
Sindhi libas bohot khoobsurat hota hai. Sindhi khawateen riwayati karhaai (embroidery) wale kapde pehanti hain, jabke Sindhi mard aam tor par Kurta aur Pajama pehanti hain.
Kuch doosri saqqafati cheezen bhi hain jo na sirf Sindh mein istemal hoti hain balki poori duniya mein export (baramad) bhi ki jaati hain:
- Sindhi Ajrak: Yeh neele aur laal rang ke phool-daar patterns wali aik chadar (shawl) hoti hai. Khawateen Ajrak se bane kapde bhi pehanti hain.
- Sindhi Topi: Yeh bhi sab se zyada istemal hone wali aik saqqafati cheez hai.
- Ralli (Quilt/Razaai): Yeh aik aur Sindhi riwayati cheez hai, jise maqami Sindhi khawateen khud apne haathon se seeti hain.
Sindhi Riwayaat (Traditions)
Taqreeb ki munasabat se vibhinn (mukhtalif) Sindhi riwayaat hoti hain. Log aik doosre ko saqqafati cheezen tohfe mein dete hain. Khawateen shadiyon aur doosri taqreebaat mein Ajrak se bane kapde pehanti hain. Shadiyon mein fankar (singers) Sindhi gaane gaate hain jo mohabbat aur taraqqi ki akkasi karte hain.
Sindhi Saqqafati Din (Sindhi Culture Day)
Sindhi Saqqafati Din, jise “Ekta Day” bhi kaha jata hai, Sindh aur poori duniya mein rehne wale Sindhi log har saal December ke pehle Sunday ko aik tyohar (festival) ke tor par manate hain.
Yeh din apni pur-amn pehchan ko zahir karne aur duniya ko apni aala virse (heritage) ki taraf matawajjah karne ke liye manaya jata hai. Yeh pehli baar 06 December 2009 ko manaya gaya tha. Yeh qaumi aur bain-ul-aqwami (international) satah par manaya jata hai.
Log riwayati Sindhi libas aur saqqafati cheezen pehan kar poore soobe, mulk, aur poori duniya mein jahan bhi wo rehte hain, rallies nikalte hain. Sheharon ko Ajrakon aur doosri saqqafati cheezon se sajaya jata hai. Schools aur colleges mein students ko Sindhi saqqafat aur tareekh ke baare mein agahi dene ke liye taqreebaat munaqid ki jaati hain.
Log is khaas din ke lamhat se lutf-andoz hone ke liye apne ghar walon ke saath Darya-e-Sindh (Indus River) jaate hain. Gharon mein Sindhi Pulao, machli, aur chawal ki roti jaise khane pakaye jaate hain taake apne khandaan ke saath is din ko mazeed khoobsurat banaya ja sake.
Sindhi Saqqafat Ki Khususiyaat (Characteristics)
Yeh sufiyon, mohabbat, romance, aur amn ki sarzameen hai. Sindh khush-naseeb hai ke Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, Sachal Sarmast, Abdullah Shah Ghazi, aur bohot se doosre sufiyaye karam is ilaqe se talluq rakhte hain. Shah Abdul Latif aik azeem sufi shair rahe hain jinhein shairon ka badshah (King of Poets) kaha jata hai. Sufiyon ne hamesha amn, insaniyat, aur rawadari (tolerance) ki taleem di, is liye yeh sufiyon aur amn ki sarzameen ban gayi.
Sindh ki bohot si muhabbat aur dastanvi kahaniyan hain, lekin sab se zyada mashhoor Suhni Mehar, Laila Majnun, aur Sassui Punhun hain. Shah Abdul Latif ne apni kitab Shah Jo Risalo mein bhi in muhabbat ki dastananiyon ka zikr kiya hai. Unki shayari mein in aurton ko “Shah ki Soormiyan” (heroines) kaha gaya hai.
Sindh hamesha se amn, insaniyat, aur bain-ul-mazahib yaganiyat (interfaith unity) ki sarzameen raha hai.
Sindhi Zaban (Language)
Sindhi zaban bhi utni hi qadeem hai jitni ke Sindhi saqqafat. Yeh sooba-e-Sindh ki sarkari zaban hai. Yeh duniya ki un sab se qadeem zabanon mein se aik hai jo aaj bhi zinda hain.
Pakistan mein 2017 ki mardum-shamari (census) ke mutabiq, yeh takreeban 3.2 crore (32 million) log bolte hain jo mulk ki kul a आबादी ka 14.57% hai. India mein 25 lakh (2.5 million) log Sindhi zaban bolte hain. Sindhi zaban ke 52 huroof (letters) hain.
Sindhi Logon Ki Mehman-Nawazi (Hospitality)
Sindhi logon ki mehman-nawazi poori duniya mein mashhoor hai. Wo apne mehmaanon ka bohot izzat aur ihtiram ke saath istiqbal karte hain. Yahan tourism (sayyahat) abhi tak tijarati (commercial) nahi hua hai, kyun ke log apne mehmaan ko rehmat samajhte hain. Wo apne mehmaan ka aik rupya bhi kharch nahi hone dete.
Khulasa (Summary):
Sindhi saqqafat ki bohot zyada ahamiyat hai. Sindhi saqqafat ko mehfooz rakhne ke liye sarkari satah par iqdaamaat karne ki zaroorat hai. Hum khush-naseeb hain ke hum itne aala virse se talluq rakhte hain. Humain apni saqqafat ko qaim rakhne mein apna kirdar ada karna chahiye aur un riwayaat par chalte rehna chahiye jin ke liye hum mashhoor hain.
